{"ikmk_mds_id":"18207757","ikmk_id":"7939","eLearning_completed":"0","primary_source_id":"0","title":"Umayyaden: \u02bfAbd al-Malik","inventory_number":"","activated":"yes","item":{"ikmk_item_id":"1","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/item\/1","item_de":"M\u00fcnze","item_en":"Coin","item_nomisma":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/coin"},"permalink":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/object?id=18207757","permalink_source":null,"publisher":{"ikmk_publisher_id":13,"ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/owner\/13","publisher_name":"M\u00fcnzkabinett, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin - Stiftung Preu\u00dfischer Kulturbesitz","publisher_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-814819","publisher_isil_short":"DE-MUS-814819","UID":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-814819\/18207757","legalBodyWeblink":"https:\/\/www.smb.museum\/museen-und-einrichtungen\/muenzkabinett\/home.html","nomisma_address":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/mk_berlin","author":"Dahmen, Karsten"},"owner":{"ikmk_owner_id":"13","owner_name":"Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen","owner_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-814819","owner_isil_short":"DE-MUS-814819","owner_www_address":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/","nomisma_address":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/mk_berlin","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/owner\/13","owner_type":{"de":"Eigentum","en":"Property","ikmk_type_id":"2","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/status_of_property\/2"}},"ikmk_status_id":"7","status":{"de":"vorhanden","en":"present","ikmk_status_id":"7","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/object_status\/7"},"nominal":{"ikmk_nominal_id":"756","nominal_de":"Dinar","nominal_en":"Dinar","nominal_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/dinar","nominal_gnd_id":"","info_de":"Bezeichnung f\u00fcr die Standardeinheit in Gold, verwendet f\u00fcr M\u00fcnzen der Kushana, Sasaniden und in der islamischen Numismatik.","info_en":"","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/denomination\/756"},"date_last":"2023-03-14 01:49:51","coin_status":[{"ikmk_coin_status_id":"35","coin_status_name_de":"Kalifat","coin_status_name_en":"Caliphate","coin_status_nomisma_id":""}],"mint":[{"ikmk_country_id":"74","country_ndp_url":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/country\/74","country_name_de":"Syrische Arabische Republik","country_name_en":"Syrian Arab Republic","country_nomisma_id":"","country_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/163843","ikmk_region_id":"376","region_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/region\/376","region_name":"","region_nomisma_id":"","region_geoname_id":"","ikmk_mint_id":"869","mint_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/location\/869","mint_name":"Damaskus (Dima\u0161q)?","mint_name_de":"Damaskus (Dima\u0161q)?","mint_name_en":"Damascus (Dimashq)?","mint_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/damascus","mint_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/170654"}],"material":{"ikmk_material_id":"3","material_name_de":"Gold","material_name_en":"Gold","material_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/av","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/material\/3"},"diameter":"19 mm","die_axis":"6 h","weight":"4.27 g","accession":"1876 Guthrie","access_year":"1876","access_type":{"ikmk_access_type_id":"1","access_type_name":"Kauf","access_type_nomisma_id":"","access_type_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4128692-3","ndp_uir":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/accession\/1"},"provenienz_extern":"","acquisition_date":"","avers":{"leg_trans":"kufisch","leg_text":"Er ist es der seinen Gesandten mit der Rechtsleitung und der wahren Religion geschickt hat auf da\u00df er sie siegreich mache \u00fcber jede andere Religion -\/ Es gibt keinen Gott au\u00dfer Gott Er ist einzig Mohammed ist der Gesandte Gottes","image_description":"Koranvers 9,33.","foto_date":"2007-09-05","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"5","photographer_name":"Reinhard Saczewski","photographer_gnd":"","photographer_viaf":""},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18207757\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18207757\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt_rel":"\/data\/www\/001-ikmk\/mk-edit\/images\/n7\/7939\/vs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18207757\/vs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18207757\/vs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1643739058,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind lizenziert als&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen, 18207757. Aufnahme durch Reinhard Saczewski.","en":"Image files are licensed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen, 18207757. Photographs by Reinhard Saczewski."}},"revers":{"leg_trans":"kufisch","leg_text":"Im Namen Gottes dieser Dinar wurde im Jahr 84 geschlagen -\/ Gott ist einzig Gott ist ewig Er hat weder gezeugt noch ist er gezeugt worden","image_description":"Koranvers 112,1-3 im Feld, Jahresz\u00e4hlung umlaufend.","foto_date":"2007-09-05","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"5","photographer_name":"Reinhard Saczewski","photographer_gnd":"","photographer_viaf":""},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18207757\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18207757\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt_rel":"\/data\/www\/001-ikmk\/mk-edit\/images\/n7\/7939\/rs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18207757\/rs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18207757\/rs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1643739058,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind lizenziert als&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen, 18207757. Aufnahme durch Reinhard Saczewski.","en":"Image files are licensed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen, 18207757. Photographs by Reinhard Saczewski."}},"division":{"ikmk_division_id":"2","division_name_de":"Mittelalter","division_name_en":"Medieval Period"},"sub_division":{"ikmk_subdivision_id":"17","subdivision_name_de":"Fr\u00fchmittelalter","subdivision_name_en":"Early Middle Ages"},"literatur":"H. N\u00fctzel, Katalog der Orientalischen M\u00fcnzen I (1898) 66 Nr. 301 (dieses St\u00fcck); K. Dahmen in: J. Marzahn - G. Schauerte (Hrsg.), Babylon. Wahrheit. Katalog Berlin (2008) 449 ff. 458 Nr. 492 Abb. 330 (dieses St\u00fcck).","comment":"Zur Zuweisung an die M\u00fcnzst\u00e4tte in der Hauptstadt der Umayyaden-Dynastie Damaskus vgl. J. Walker, A Catalogue of the Muhammadan coins in the British Museum II. Arab-Byzantine and postreform Umaiyad coins (1956) lv f. - Dieses neue M\u00fcnzbild ist nach einer entsprechenden Reform des M\u00fcnzgeldes im Jahre 697\/698 (= 79 A. H.) geschaffen worden und vermeidet nun bildliche Darstellungen.","period":{"ikmk_period_id":"11","name_de":"Fr\u00fchmittelalter","name_en":"Early Middle ages","description_de":"Bezeichnung f\u00fcr die Epoche von ungef\u00e4hr 500 bis ca. 900 (teilweise auch um 1000).","description_en":"Term to describe the period between c. 500 and c. 900 (in some regions to c. 1000).","concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/7503821-3","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/period\/11"},"year_start":"703","year_end":"703","date_verbal":"703","year_islam":"84","manufacturing":[{"ikmk_manufacturing_id":"21","manufacturing_name_de":"gepr\u00e4gt","manufacturing_name_en":"struck","nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/struck","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/manufacture\/21"}],"linked_persons_corporations":{"50":{"ikmk_type_id":"50","type_name_de":"Vorbesitzer","type_name_en":"previous Owner","type_nomisma_id":"","type_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4447273-0","ndp_id":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/type_for_person_and_corporation\/50","items":{"5830":{"ikmk_person_id":"5830","title_de":"Oberst","first_name_de":"Charles Seton","last_name_de":"Guthrie","vitalDates":"1808-1874","title_en":"Colonel","first_name_en":"Charles Seton","last_name_en":"Guthrie","corporation":"0","lod":{"https:\/\/term.museum-digital.de\/md-de\/persinst\/122287":"https:\/\/term.museum-digital.de\/md-de\/persinst\/122287","https:\/\/www.britishmuseum.org\/collection\/term\/BIOG130942":"https:\/\/www.britishmuseum.org\/collection\/term\/BIOG130942","https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/5830":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/5830"},"year_from":"0","year_until":"1874"}}},"57":{"ikmk_type_id":"57","type_name_de":"Autorit\u00e4t","type_name_en":"Authority","type_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/authority","type_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1051614252","ndp_id":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/type_for_person_and_corporation\/57","items":{"598":{"ikmk_person_id":"598","title_de":null,"first_name_de":null,"last_name_de":"\u02bfAbd al-Malik Ab\u016b l-Wal\u012bd ibn Marw\u0101n (65-86 AH\/685-705), Kalif","vitalDates":"646-04.10.705","title_en":null,"first_name_en":null,"last_name_en":"\u02bfAbd al-Malik Ab\u016b l-Wal\u012bd ibn Marw\u0101n (65-86 AH\/685-705), caliph","corporation":"0","lod":{"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/12136903X":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/12136903X","https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abd_al-Malik_(Umayyaden)":"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abd_al-Malik_(Umayyaden)","https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abd_al-Malik_ibn_Marwan":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abd_al-Malik_ibn_Marwan","https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/21988514":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/21988514","https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q36788":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q36788","https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/598":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/598"}}}}},"keywords":[{"ikmk_keyword_id":"8","keyword_de":"Fr\u00fchmittelalter, 5.-9. Jh.","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/7503821-3","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300020760"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"70","keyword_de":"Gold","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4157819-3","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/www.nomisma.org\/id\/av"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"2","keyword_de":"Mittelalter","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4129108-6","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300020756"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"26","keyword_de":"Vorderer Orient","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4068878-1","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300019571"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"34","keyword_de":"Weltliche F\u00fcrsten","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4166473-5","keyword_concept_uri":""}],"timeline_themes":[{"ikmk_timeline_id":"26","timeline_item":"Die neue Weltmacht - Das arabische Kalifat","description":"Die Araber hatten zur Zeit Mohammeds noch keine eigene M\u00fcnzpr\u00e4gung. Im Zuge ihrer raschen Eroberung der von Byzanz bzw. den Sasaniden beherrschten Gebiete, wurden sie vor das Problem gestellt, die M\u00fcnzproduktion in einem an Geldwirtschaft gew\u00f6hnten Gebiet zu organisieren. Die ersten neu ausgegebenen M\u00fcnzen entsprachen in Material und Bild den byzantinischen und sasanidischen M\u00fcnzen und wurden nur etwas \u201earabisiert\u201c. Auf den sasanidischen Drachmen geschah dies durch Einschreiben zus\u00e4tzlicher arabischer Inschriften, im Bereich des byzantinischen Geldes wurden teils die byzantinischen Typen nachgeahmt, teils etwas freier interpretiert bis hin zur Darstellung des Kalifen. Zwischen 693 und 698 wurde unter dem Kalifen Abd-al Malik das M\u00fcnzwesen v\u00f6llig neu organisiert. An die Stelle des Solidus trat der Dinar, an die Stelle der sasanidischen Drachme trat der Dirham und in geringem Umfang Kupferm\u00fcnzen als lokale Zahlungsmittel. Alle M\u00fcnzen, bis auf geringe Ausnahmen im Kupfergeld, sind von erstaunlicher Uniformit\u00e4t, bildlos und rein epigraphisch. Die Inschriften enthalten in genau festgelegter Abfolge und Anordnung Koranspr\u00fcche sowie Angaben zur Herkunft der M\u00fcnze, darunter den Ort der Pr\u00e4gung sowie eine pr\u00e4zise Datierung nach der islamischen Zeitrechnung (A. H., Higra).","year_from":"600","year_until":"900","autor":"Kluge, Bernd"}],"text_right":{"short":"CC BY-SA 4.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/l\/by-sa\/4.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Creative Commons Namensnennung - Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0 International","en":"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International"},"string":{"de":"Texte und Beschreibungen in diesem Online-Katalog stehen unter einer\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a> Lizenz.","en":"Texts and descriptions of this catalogue are licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>."}},"lod_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"},"string":{"de":"Verwendete LOD-Identifikatoren sind <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>\u00a0lizenziert.","en":"LOD ids used are licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>."}},"image_restriction_id":0,"image_restriction":"free","image_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"}}}