{"ikmk_mds_id":"18214781","ikmk_id":"14860","eLearning_completed":"0","primary_source_id":"0","title":"Kroton","inventory_number":"","activated":"yes","item":{"ikmk_item_id":"1","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/item\/1","item_de":"M\u00fcnze","item_en":"Coin","item_nomisma":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/coin"},"permalink":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/object?id=18214781","permalink_source":null,"publisher":{"ikmk_publisher_id":13,"ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/owner\/13","publisher_name":"M\u00fcnzkabinett, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin - Stiftung Preu\u00dfischer Kulturbesitz","publisher_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-814819","publisher_isil_short":"DE-MUS-814819","UID":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-814819\/18214781","legalBodyWeblink":"https:\/\/www.smb.museum\/museen-und-einrichtungen\/muenzkabinett\/home.html","nomisma_address":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/mk_berlin","author":"Berthold, Angela; Weisser, Bernhard"},"owner":{"ikmk_owner_id":"13","owner_name":"Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen","owner_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-814819","owner_isil_short":"DE-MUS-814819","owner_www_address":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/","nomisma_address":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/mk_berlin","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/owner\/13","owner_type":{"de":"Eigentum","en":"Property","ikmk_type_id":"2","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/status_of_property\/2"}},"ikmk_status_id":"7","status":{"de":"vorhanden","en":"present","ikmk_status_id":"7","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/object_status\/7"},"nominal":{"ikmk_nominal_id":"1122","nominal_de":"Stater","nominal_en":"Stater","nominal_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/stater","nominal_gnd_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4210918-8","info_de":"W\u00f6rtlich die bzw. eine \u201eEinheit\u201c, also die Hauptw\u00e4hrungeinheit einer griechischen Stadt oder eines Staates. So ist die (silberne) Tetradrachme von Athen oder die korinthische (silberne) Tridrachme auch der jeweilige Stater innerhalb des lokalen Nominalsystems.\r\nZudem wird heute die Goldm\u00fcnze griechischer Zeit im Gewicht der Haupteinheit (also rund 8,6 g im attischen Standard) als Stater bezeichnet.\r\n\r\nLit.: F. von Schr\u00f6tter, W\u00f6rterbuch der M\u00fcnzkunde (1930) 656 f. s. v. Stater.","info_en":"Literally the resp. one unit. Hence designating the main unit within a certain currency of a Greek city or realm. The silver tetradrachm of Athens or the tridrachm of Corinth hence are also the stater within each denominational system. The main meaning though, especially in modern scholarship, is that of a denomination in gold of about 8.6 grams in the Attic standard.","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/denomination\/1122"},"date_last":"2023-03-14 01:49:51","coin_status":[{"ikmk_coin_status_id":"54","coin_status_name_de":"Stadt","coin_status_name_en":"City","coin_status_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/city","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/class_status\/54"}],"mint":[{"ikmk_country_id":"25","country_ndp_url":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/country\/25","country_name_de":"Italien","country_name_en":"Italy","country_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/italian_republic","country_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/3175395","ikmk_region_id":"258","region_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/region\/258","region_name":"Bruttium","region_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/bruttium","region_geoname_id":"","ikmk_mint_id":"646","mint_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/location\/646","mint_name":"Kroton","mint_name_de":"Kroton","mint_name_en":"Croton","mint_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/croton","mint_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/2524881"}],"material":{"ikmk_material_id":"1","material_name_de":"Silber","material_name_en":"Silver","material_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/ar","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/material\/1"},"diameter":"23 mm","die_axis":"9 h","weight":"7.75 g","accession":"1900 Imhoof-Blumer","access_year":"1900","access_type":{"ikmk_access_type_id":"1","access_type_name":"Kauf","access_type_nomisma_id":"","access_type_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4128692-3","ndp_uir":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/accession\/1"},"provenienz_extern":"","acquisition_date":"","avers":{"leg_trans":"\u03a3 statt I, M statt \u03a3","leg_text":"\u039f\u03a3\u039a\u03a3M\u03a4\u0391M","image_description":"Herakles sitzt nackt in Dreiviertelansicht nach l. auf dem \u00fcber einen Fels gebreiteten L\u00f6wenfell. Daran lehnt r. sein K\u00f6cher und Bogen. Mit der l. Hand st\u00fctzt er sich auf seine Keule, in der r. Hand h\u00e4lt er einen Zweig \u00fcber einen brennenden Altar.","foto_date":"2010-11-03","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"3","photographer_name":"Dirk Sonnenwald","photographer_gnd":"","photographer_viaf":""},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18214781\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18214781\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt_rel":"\/data\/www\/001-ikmk\/mk-edit\/images\/n14\/14860\/vs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18214781\/vs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18214781\/vs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1643735170,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind lizenziert als&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen, 18214781. Aufnahme durch Dirk Sonnenwald.","en":"Image files are licensed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen, 18214781. Photographs by Dirk Sonnenwald."}},"revers":{"leg_trans":"","leg_text":"KPOT[ON]","image_description":"Dreifu\u00df, r. davon die mehrfach gewundene Pythonschlange, l. steht Apollon mit einem H\u00fcftmantel bekleidet und spannt seinen Bogen in ihre Richtung.","foto_date":"2010-11-03","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"3","photographer_name":"Dirk Sonnenwald","photographer_gnd":"","photographer_viaf":""},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18214781\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18214781\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt_rel":"\/data\/www\/001-ikmk\/mk-edit\/images\/n14\/14860\/rs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18214781\/rs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18214781\/rs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1643735170,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind lizenziert als&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen, 18214781. Aufnahme durch Dirk Sonnenwald.","en":"Image files are licensed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen, 18214781. Photographs by Dirk Sonnenwald."}},"division":{"ikmk_division_id":"1","division_name_de":"Antike","division_name_en":"Antiquity"},"sub_division":{"ikmk_subdivision_id":"4","subdivision_name_de":"Griechen, Archaik und Klassik","subdivision_name_en":"Greek, Archaic and Classical periods"},"literatur":"F. Imhoof-Blumer - O. Keller, Tier- und Pflanzenbilder auf M\u00fcnzen und Gemmen des klassischen Altertums (1889) 73 Taf. 12, 26 (dieses St\u00fcck, Rs. in Abb.); K. Regling, Die antike M\u00fcnze als Kunstwerk (1924) Nr. 517 Taf. 24 (dieses St\u00fcck); P. R. Franke - M. Hirmer, Die griechische M\u00fcnze \u00b2(1972) 76 Nr. 267 Taf. 93 (dieses St\u00fcck); Schultz (1997) Nr. 121 (dieses St\u00fcck, um 420-400 v. Chr.); SNG Lloyd Nr. 610; C. M. Kraay, Archaic and Classical Greek Coins (1976) 181 Nr. 629 Taf. 36 (ca. 420 v. Chr.); N. K. Rutter, Historia Numorum. Italy (2001) 170 Nr. 2140 (425-350 v. Chr.).","comment":"Die Vorderseiteninschrift verweist auf den dargestellten Herakles als mythischen Gr\u00fcnder (oikistes) der Stadt. Die R\u00fcckseite, welche Apollon im Kampf mit der Pythonschlange zeigt, bezieht sich auf Delphi. Die Gr\u00fcndung von Kroton erfolgte im 8. Jh. v. Chr. auf Gehei\u00df eines delphischen Orakelspruchs. Die genaue Datierung der unteritalischen M\u00fcnzpr\u00e4gung ist speziell im 4. und 3. Jh. v. Chr. schwierig und umstritten. F\u00fcr diesen Zeitraum fehlen h\u00e4ufig historische Fixpunkte, an welchen man die Datierung festmachen k\u00f6nnte. Leichte Schwankungen, um etwa 10 Jahre, in der Datierung ergeben sich h\u00e4ufig durch unterschiedliche Bewertung des Pr\u00e4geaufkommens und der Datierung einiger Hortfunde.","period":{"ikmk_period_id":"2","name_de":"Klassik","name_en":"Classical","description_de":"Der (europ\u00e4ische) Zeit- und Kunstabschnitt ungef\u00e4hr zwischen 480 und 323 v. Chr.","description_en":"Term to describe the period from c. 480 to 323 BC in Greek art.","concept_id":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300020093","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/period\/2"},"year_start":"-425","year_end":"-350","date_verbal":"ca. 425-350 v. 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