{"ikmk_mds_id":"18215286","ikmk_id":"15332","eLearning_completed":"0","primary_source_id":"0","title":"R\u00f6m. Republik: M. Antonius","inventory_number":"","activated":"yes","item":{"ikmk_item_id":"1","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/item\/1","item_de":"M\u00fcnze","item_en":"Coin","item_nomisma":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/coin"},"permalink":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/object?id=18215286","permalink_source":null,"publisher":{"ikmk_publisher_id":13,"ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/owner\/13","publisher_name":"M\u00fcnzkabinett, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin - Stiftung Preu\u00dfischer Kulturbesitz","publisher_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-814819","publisher_isil_short":"DE-MUS-814819","UID":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-814819\/18215286","legalBodyWeblink":"https:\/\/www.smb.museum\/museen-und-einrichtungen\/muenzkabinett\/home.html","nomisma_address":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/mk_berlin","author":"Dei\u00dfmann, Marie-Luise"},"owner":{"ikmk_owner_id":"13","owner_name":"Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen","owner_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-814819","owner_isil_short":"DE-MUS-814819","owner_www_address":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/","nomisma_address":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/mk_berlin","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/owner\/13","owner_type":{"de":"Eigentum","en":"Property","ikmk_type_id":"2","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/status_of_property\/2"}},"ikmk_status_id":"7","status":{"de":"vorhanden","en":"present","ikmk_status_id":"7","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/object_status\/7"},"nominal":{"ikmk_nominal_id":"729","nominal_de":"Denar (ANT)","nominal_en":"Denarius (ANT)","nominal_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/denarius","nominal_gnd_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4257529-1","info_de":"","info_en":"","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/denomination\/729"},"date_last":"2023-03-14 01:49:51","coin_status":[{"ikmk_coin_status_id":"33","coin_status_name_de":"Imperatorische Pr\u00e4gung","coin_status_name_en":"Imperatorial issue","coin_status_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/imperatorial_issue","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/class_status\/33"}],"mint":[{"ikmk_country_id":"75","country_ndp_url":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/country\/75","country_name_de":"T\u00fcrkei","country_name_en":"Turkey","country_nomisma_id":"","country_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/298795","ikmk_region_id":"381","region_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/region\/381","region_name":"Asia","region_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/asia","region_geoname_id":"","ikmk_mint_id":"903","mint_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/location\/903","mint_name":"Ephesos?","mint_name_de":"Ephesos?","mint_name_en":"Ephesus?","mint_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/ephesus","mint_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/7522155"},{"ikmk_country_id":"27","country_ndp_url":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/country\/27","country_name_de":"Griechenland","country_name_en":"Greece","country_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/greece","country_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/390903","ikmk_region_id":"197","region_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/region\/197","region_name":"Achaia","region_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/achaea","region_geoname_id":"","ikmk_mint_id":"1515","mint_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/location\/1515","mint_name":"Patras?","mint_name_de":"Patras?","mint_name_en":"Patrae?","mint_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/patrae","mint_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/255683"}],"material":{"ikmk_material_id":"1","material_name_de":"Silber","material_name_en":"Silver","material_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/ar","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/material\/1"},"diameter":"19 mm","die_axis":"5 h","weight":"3.43 g","accession":"1846\/6611","access_year":"1846","access_type":{"ikmk_access_type_id":"1","access_type_name":"Kauf","access_type_nomisma_id":"","access_type_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4128692-3","ndp_uir":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/accession\/1"},"provenienz_extern":"","acquisition_date":"","avers":{"leg_trans":"","leg_text":"ANT AVG \/ III VIR R P C","image_description":"Kriegsschiff (Galeere) nach r., hinter dem Schiffsbug ein mit B\u00e4ndern geschm\u00fcckter Dolonmast.","foto_date":"2009-07-27","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"3","photographer_name":"Dirk Sonnenwald","photographer_gnd":"","photographer_viaf":""},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18215286\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18215286\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt_rel":"\/data\/www\/001-ikmk\/mk-edit\/images\/n15\/15332\/vs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18215286\/vs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18215286\/vs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1643743551,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind lizenziert als&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen, 18215286. Aufnahme durch Dirk Sonnenwald.","en":"Image files are licensed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen, 18215286. Photographs by Dirk Sonnenwald."}},"revers":{"leg_trans":"","leg_text":"CHORTIS SPECVLATORVM","image_description":"Drei Feldzeichen mit je zwei Kr\u00e4nzen und einem Schiffsvorderteil (prora) dekoriert. Unten ein Graffito.","foto_date":"2009-07-27","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"3","photographer_name":"Dirk Sonnenwald","photographer_gnd":"","photographer_viaf":""},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18215286\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18215286\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt_rel":"\/data\/www\/001-ikmk\/mk-edit\/images\/n15\/15332\/rs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18215286\/rs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18215286\/rs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1643743551,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind lizenziert als&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen, 18215286. Aufnahme durch Dirk Sonnenwald.","en":"Image files are licensed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen, 18215286. Photographs by Dirk Sonnenwald."}},"division":{"ikmk_division_id":"1","division_name_de":"Antike","division_name_en":"Antiquity"},"sub_division":{"ikmk_subdivision_id":"2","subdivision_name_de":"R\u00f6mische Republik","subdivision_name_en":"Roman Republic"},"literatur":"RRC Nr. 544,12; B. Woytek, Die M\u00fcnzen der r\u00f6mischen Republik und der \u00dcbergangszeit zum Prinzipat. Mit einem Exkurs zu den Legionspr\u00e4gungen des Marcus Antonius, in: M. Alram - F. Schmidt-Dick (Hrsg.), Numismata Carnuntina II (2007). FMR\u00d6 III-2 489 ff. 503-518 (Patras?, 32-31 v. Chr., mit Lit.).","comment":"Graffito auf der R\u00fcckseite. - Der gro\u00dfe Umfang dieser Emission, die in der Vs.- und Rs.-Darstellung sehr sparsam ist, erregte schon in der Antike Aufsehen (Festus s.v. ratitum quadrantem). Die Rs. z\u00e4hlen 23 Legionen und die Namen der Pr\u00e4torianerkohorten sowie jener der Aufkl\u00e4rer auf, um dadurch ihre Bindung an Antonius zu festigen. Die M\u00fcnzen wurden seit 32 v. Chr. als Vorbereitung f\u00fcr die Entscheidungsschlacht mit Octavianus gepr\u00e4gt. Die Gepr\u00e4ge der Cohors Speculatorum weisen im Unterschied zu den anderen Legionsdenaren statt eines Legionsadlers ein weiteres Feldzeichen auf, was den besonderen Status der Einheit f\u00fcr Antonius unterstreicht. Diese berittene Abteilung wurde f\u00fcr Kurier- und Aufkl\u00e4rungsdienste herangezogen. Antonius bezeichnet sich hier ganz republikanisch als Triumvir. Als m\u00f6gliche Pr\u00e4gest\u00e4tten dieser M\u00fcnzen gelten Ephesos und Patras.","period":{"ikmk_period_id":"3","name_de":"Hellenismus","name_en":"Hellenism","description_de":"Bezeichnet die Epoche und Stilperiode zwischen dem Tod Alexanders des Gro\u00dfen und Schlacht bei Actium (31 v. Chr.) bzw. der Eroberung Alexandrias durch Rom im Jahr darauf, also die Zeit von ungef\u00e4hr 323 bis 30 v. Chr.","description_en":"Term to describe the period between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the battle of Actium in 31 BC resp. the conquest of Alexandria in the following year, hence the period from c. 323 to 30 BC.","concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4024313-8","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/period\/3"},"year_start":"-32","year_end":"-31","date_verbal":"32-31 v. Chr.","year_islam":"0","references":[{"ikmk_referenz_id":20,"souce":"RRC","number":"544,12","similar":"0"}],"type_references":{"9594":"http:\/\/numismatics.org\/crro\/id\/rrc-544.12"},"manufacturing":[{"ikmk_manufacturing_id":"21","manufacturing_name_de":"gepr\u00e4gt","manufacturing_name_en":"struck","nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/struck","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/manufacture\/21"}],"linked_persons_corporations":{"70":{"ikmk_type_id":"70","type_name_de":"Triumvir RPC","type_name_en":"Triumvir RPC","type_nomisma_id":"","type_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/7546935-2","ndp_id":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/type_for_person_and_corporation\/70","items":{"1144":{"ikmk_person_id":"1144","title_de":null,"first_name_de":null,"last_name_de":"Marcus Antonius","vitalDates":"um 83-30 v. Chr.","title_en":null,"first_name_en":null,"last_name_en":"Marcus Antonius","corporation":"0","lod":{"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/118503529":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/118503529","https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marcus_Antonius":"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marcus_Antonius","https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mark_Antony":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mark_Antony","https:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/mark_antony":"https:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/mark_antony","https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/88759462":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/88759462","https:\/\/www.britishmuseum.org\/collection\/term\/BIOG178024":"https:\/\/www.britishmuseum.org\/collection\/term\/BIOG178024","https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q51673":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q51673","https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/1144":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/1144"}}}}},"keywords":[{"ikmk_keyword_id":"1","keyword_de":"Antike","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4068754-5","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300055818"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"76","keyword_de":"Gegenst\u00e4nde","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4121320-8","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300311889"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"60","keyword_de":"Gegenstempel, Erasionen u.a.","keyword_gnd_uri":"","keyword_concept_uri":""},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"23","keyword_de":"Griechenland","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4022047-3","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/tgn\/1000074"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"5","keyword_de":"Hellenismus, 4.-1. Jh. v. Chr.","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4024313-8","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300020101"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"25","keyword_de":"Kleinasien","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4085685-9","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300387727"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"57","keyword_de":"Krieg","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4033114-3","keyword_concept_uri":""},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"69","keyword_de":"Silber","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4133759-1","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/www.nomisma.org\/id\/ar"}],"timeline_themes":[{"ikmk_timeline_id":"6","timeline_item":"Rom nach Einf\u00fchrung der Denarpr\u00e4gung","description":"Mit dem Denar, der bis weit in die r\u00f6mische Kaiserzeit hinein f\u00fcr fast 500 Jahre Hauptnominal bleiben sollte, schufen die R\u00f6mer eine eigenst\u00e4ndige Silberm\u00fcnze. Der Zeitpunkt seiner erstmaligen Auspr\u00e4gung ist in der numismatischen Forschung viel diskutiert und auch heute noch immer nicht g\u00e4nzlich gesichert. Besonders die Ausgrabungen im antiken Morgantina auf Sizilien engen die Einf\u00fchrung des Denars in die Jahre zwischen 215 und 211 v. Chr. inmitten des Krieges gegen Hannibal ein. Die M\u00fcnzbilder der r\u00f6mischen Republik sind wichtige ikonographische Zeugnisse der f\u00fchrenden Familien Roms in jener Zeit. Beschr\u00e4nkt sich zu Beginn des 2. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. das Bildspektrum auf wenige Typen, so gewinnt es im Laufe des 1. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. immer mehr an Bedeutung als Medium des sp\u00e4trepublikanischen Legitimationsdiskurses. In den Auseinandersetzungen zwischen den Caesaranh\u00e4ngern und -gegnern und schlie\u00dflich zwischen M. Antonius und Octavianus erwiesen sich die M\u00fcnzen als wirkungsvolles Propagandamittel.","year_from":"-212","year_until":"-27","autor":"Weisser, Bernhard"}],"secondary_treatment":[{"ikmk_secondary_treatment_id":"5","item_de":"Graffito","item_en":"Graffito","description_de":"Eingeritzte Markierung mit einer Aussage im zeitgen\u00f6ssischen Umfeld.","description_en":"Lettering or similar mark incised into the surface of a coin that had meaning in the contemporary context of the coin.","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/secondary_treatment\/5","concept":["http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4021791-7","http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/graffito","http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300015613","https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q17514"]}],"text_right":{"short":"CC BY-SA 4.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/l\/by-sa\/4.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Creative Commons Namensnennung - Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0 International","en":"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International"},"string":{"de":"Texte und Beschreibungen in diesem Online-Katalog stehen unter einer\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a> Lizenz.","en":"Texts and descriptions of this catalogue are licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>."}},"lod_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"},"string":{"de":"Verwendete LOD-Identifikatoren sind <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>\u00a0lizenziert.","en":"LOD ids used are licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>."}},"image_restriction_id":0,"image_restriction":"free","image_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"}}}