{"language_default":"de","language_more":[],"ikmk_mds_id":"18234710","ikmk_id":"36178","eLearning_completed":"0","primary_source_id":"0","title":"Domitius Alexander","inventory_number":"","activated":"yes","item":{"ikmk_item_id":"1","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/item\/1","item_de":"M\u00fcnze","item_en":"Coin","item_nomisma":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/coin"},"permalink":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/object?id=18234710","permalink_source":null,"publisher":{"ikmk_publisher_id":13,"ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/owner\/13","publisher_name":"M\u00fcnzkabinett, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin - Stiftung Preu\u00dfischer Kulturbesitz","publisher_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-814819","publisher_isil_short":"DE-MUS-814819","UID":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-814819\/18234710","legalBodyWeblink":"https:\/\/www.smb.museum\/museen-und-einrichtungen\/muenzkabinett\/home.html","nomisma_address":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/mk_berlin","author":"Dahmen, Karsten"},"owner":{"ikmk_owner_id":"13","owner_name":"Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen","owner_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-814819","owner_isil_short":"DE-MUS-814819","owner_www_address":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/","nomisma_address":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/mk_berlin","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/owner\/13","owner_type":{"de":"Eigentum","en":"Property","ikmk_type_id":"2","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/status_of_property\/2"}},"ikmk_status_id":"7","status":{"de":"vorhanden","en":"present","ikmk_status_id":"7","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/object_status\/7"},"nominal":{"ikmk_nominal_id":"1001","nominal_de":"Nummus","nominal_en":"Nummus","nominal_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/nummus","nominal_gnd_id":"","info_de":"Mit der M\u00fcnzreform des Diocletianus neu eingef\u00fchrtes, zun\u00e4chst versilbertes und bald als reine Bronzem\u00fcnze ausgef\u00fchrtes Nominal. Die Bezeichnunung Nummus wird im M\u00fcnzkabinett Berlin f\u00fcr entsprechende r\u00f6mische Nominale bis zum Jahr 348 n. Chr. verwendet. Sie bezeichnet zudem das Nominal einiger v\u00f6lkerwanderungszeitlicher Gepr\u00e4ge sowie italische Kleinm\u00fcnzen.\r\n\r\nIm Lateinischen bezeichnet nummus auch die M\u00fcnze im Allgemeinen (griechisch noummos).","info_en":"Introduced during the monetary reform of Diocletian as a silvered coin, quickly struck issued in bronze only. The M\u00fcnzkabinett uses this term for such denominations until AD 348. The term is also used for coins from the Italian peninsula and those of the Migration period.","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/denomination\/1001"},"patronage":"Guillaume Malingue","date_last":"2025-06-10 07:31:31","coin_status":[{"ikmk_coin_status_id":"29","coin_status_name_de":"Antike Herrscherpr\u00e4gung","coin_status_name_en":"Ancient Ruler's issue","coin_status_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/ruler","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/class_status\/29"}],"mint":[{"ikmk_country_id":"72","country_ndp_url":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/country\/72","country_name_de":"Tunesien","country_name_en":"Tunisia","country_nomisma_id":"","country_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/2464461","ikmk_region_id":"417","region_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/region\/417","region_name_de":"Africa","region_name_en":"Africa","region_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/africa","region_geoname_id":"","ikmk_mint_id":"999","mint_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/location\/999","mint_name":"Karthago","mint_name_de":"Karthago","mint_name_en":"Carthage","mint_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/carthage","mint_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/2468244"}],"material":{"ikmk_material_id":"2","material_name_de":"Bronze","material_name_en":"Bronze","material_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/ae","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/material\/2"},"diameter":"23 mm","die_axis":"6 h","weight":"5.30 g","accession":"1847\/8437","access_year":"1847","access_type":{"ikmk_access_type_id":"1","access_type_name":"Kauf","access_type_nomisma_id":"","access_type_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4128692-3","ndp_uir":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/accession\/1"},"provenienz_extern":"","acquisition_date":"","avers":{"leg_trans":"","leg_text":"IMP ALEXANDER P F AVG","image_description":"Kopf des Domitius Alexander mit Lorbeerkranz nach r.","foto_date":"2012-07-07","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"5","photographer_name":"Reinhard Saczewski","photographer_gnd":"","photographer_viaf":""},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18234710\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18234710\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt_rel":"\/data\/www\/001-ikmk\/mk-edit\/images\/n36\/36178\/vs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18234710\/vs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18234710\/vs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1643744235,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind lizenziert als&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen, 18234710. Aufnahme durch Reinhard Saczewski.","en":"Image files are licensed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen, 18234710. Photographs by Reinhard Saczewski."}},"revers":{"leg_trans":"","leg_text":"GLORIA EXERCITVS KART \/\/ PK","image_description":"Alexander reitet nach r., die r. Hand gr\u00fc\u00dfend erhoben (adlocutio).","foto_date":"2012-07-07","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"5","photographer_name":"Reinhard Saczewski","photographer_gnd":"","photographer_viaf":""},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18234710\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18234710\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt_rel":"\/data\/www\/001-ikmk\/mk-edit\/images\/n36\/36178\/rs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18234710\/rs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18234710\/rs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1643744235,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind lizenziert als&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen, 18234710. Aufnahme durch Reinhard Saczewski.","en":"Image files are licensed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen, 18234710. Photographs by Reinhard Saczewski."}},"division":{"ikmk_division_id":"1","division_name_de":"Antike","division_name_en":"Antiquity"},"sub_division":{"ikmk_subdivision_id":"15","subdivision_name_de":"R\u00f6mische Sp\u00e4tantike","subdivision_name_en":"Roman Late Antiquity"},"literatur":"RIC VI Nr. 66 (dort mit Trennung EX-ERCITVS); G. Malingue, The coinage of Domitius Alexander (308-310 AD) (2018) 128 Nr. 9.b2 mit Abb. (dieses St\u00fcck).","comment":"Oben gelocht. - L. Domitius Alexander war bereits in h\u00f6herem Alter, als er 308 n. Chr. zum Kaiser ausgerufen wurde. Zuvor war er als Vicarius Africae f\u00fcr die Verwaltung in Nordafrika zust\u00e4ndig gewesen. Seine Herrschaft wurde in Afrika und Sardinien anerkannt. Ende 309\/Anfang 310 n. Chr. besiegte ihn der Pr\u00e4torianerpr\u00e4fekt Rufius Volusianus und lie\u00df Domitius Alexander hinrichten.","period":{"ikmk_period_id":"10","name_de":"R\u00f6mische Sp\u00e4tantike","name_en":"Roman Late Antiquity","description_de":"Hier definiert als die Zeit vom Regierungsantritt des r\u00f6mischen Kaiser Diocletianus 284 n. Chr. bis zum Untergang des westr\u00f6mische Reiches 476 n. Chr.","description_en":"Here defined as the period between the reign of Diocletianus (from AD 284) to the downfall of the Roman empire in the West in AD 476.","concept_id":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300020666","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/period\/10"},"year_start":"308","year_end":"310","date_verbal":"308-310 n. Chr.","year_islam":"0","references":[{"ikmk_referenz_id":111,"souce":"RIC VI Carthago","number":"066","similar":"0"}],"type_references":{"10730":"http:\/\/numismatics.org\/ocre\/id\/ric.6.carth.66"},"manufacturing":[{"ikmk_manufacturing_id":"21","manufacturing_name_de":"gepr\u00e4gt","manufacturing_name_en":"struck","nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/struck","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/manufacture\/21"}],"linked_persons_corporations":{"54":{"ikmk_type_id":"54","type_name_de":"Dargestellte\/r","type_name_en":"Sitter","type_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/portrait","type_concept_id":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300189844","ndp_id":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/type_for_person_and_corporation\/54","items":{"526":{"ikmk_person_id":"526","title_de":null,"first_name_de":null,"last_name_de":"Domitius Alexander","vitalDates":"-310 n. 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Jh.","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4124227-0","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300020666"}],"timeline_themes":[{"ikmk_timeline_id":"46","timeline_item":"Von 293 bis zum Ende des 4. Jahrhunderts n. Chr.","description":"Die Regierungszeit des Diocletianus und seiner Mitherrscher (284-305 n. Chr.) ist gekennzeichnet durch eine Neuordnung des Staatswesens: Neue M\u00fcnzsorten wie der Nummus (Follis), der Argenteus und der auf 1\/60 des Pfundes festgesetzte Aureus werden eingef\u00fchrt und in ein festes Wechselverh\u00e4ltnis gesetzt. Diese Ma\u00dfnahmen k\u00f6nnen die Verschlechterung des Geldes nur f\u00fcr kurze Zeit aufhalten. Constantinus I. (306-337) f\u00fchrt mit dem Solidus eine neue Gold- sowie mit Siliqua und Miliarense neue Silberm\u00fcnzen ein; die Bronzenominale unterliegen ebenfalls bereits einer Abwertung. Insgesamt wird aber zur Mitte des 4. Jhs. eine Tendenz zur Goldw\u00e4hrung deutlich. Neue Goldminen werden erschlossen und h\u00f6here St\u00fcckzahlen gepr\u00e4gt. Vom Bronzegeld werden bald in schneller Folge verschiedene Sorten ausgegeben, denen es aber durchweg an dauerhaftem Geldwert mangelt. So wird das Bronzegeld abermals um 348 reformiert, auch Iulianus (genannt Apostata, reg. 361-363) versucht sich in der Einf\u00fchrung eines neuen, gro\u00dfen Bronzenominales. Zum Ende der 360er Jahre wird die regelhafte Kennzeichnung der Solidi als Feingold (OB = Obryzum) verpflichend. Ihre Entsprechung beim Silbergeld ist das K\u00fcrzel PS = pusulatum. Auch nimmt die Bedeutung der silbernen Siliquen immer mehr ab.  F\u00fcr die Bildsprache der M\u00fcnzen seit der Tetrarchie ist die Betonung der absoluten Stellung des Kaisers als Dominus (\u201eHerr\u201c) charakteristisch.","year_from":"293","year_until":"400","autor":"Dahmen, Karsten"}],"secondary_treatment":[{"ikmk_secondary_treatment_id":"1","item_de":"gelocht","item_en":"pierced","description_de":"Absichtlich angebrachtes Loch (oder mehrere) zur Befestigung an einem Geh\u00e4nge oder einer Unterlage. Im Falle von Papiergeld h\u00e4ufig Lochung zum Zeichen der Entwertung.","description_en":"Intentional hole(s) pierced through a coin so that it can be worn on a neclace, sewn onto textiles, etc. In case of paper money such a perforation often indicates devaluation.","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/secondary_treatment\/1","concept":["http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/pierced"]}],"text_right":{"short":"CC BY-SA 4.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/l\/by-sa\/4.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Creative Commons Namensnennung - Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0 International","en":"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International"},"string":{"de":"Texte und Beschreibungen in diesem Online-Katalog stehen unter einer\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a> Lizenz.","en":"Texts and descriptions of this catalogue are licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>."}},"lod_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"},"string":{"de":"Verwendete LOD-Identifikatoren sind <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>\u00a0lizenziert.","en":"LOD ids used are licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>."}},"image_restriction_id":0,"image_restriction":"free","image_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"}}}