{"ikmk_mds_id":"18284150","ikmk_id":"88404","eLearning_completed":"0","primary_source_id":"0","title":"Umayyaden: Zeit von Sulaym\u0101n bis Marw\u0101n II.","inventory_number":"","activated":"yes","item":{"ikmk_item_id":"1","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/item\/1","item_de":"M\u00fcnze","item_en":"Coin","item_nomisma":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/coin"},"permalink":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/object?id=18284150","permalink_source":"","publisher":{"ikmk_publisher_id":13,"ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/owner\/13","publisher_name":"M\u00fcnzkabinett, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin - Stiftung Preu\u00dfischer Kulturbesitz","publisher_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-814819","publisher_isil_short":"DE-MUS-814819","UID":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-814819\/18284150","legalBodyWeblink":"https:\/\/www.smb.museum\/museen-und-einrichtungen\/muenzkabinett\/home.html","nomisma_address":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/mk_berlin","author":"Naue, Matthias"},"owner":{"ikmk_owner_id":"13","owner_name":"Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen","owner_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-814819","owner_isil_short":"DE-MUS-814819","owner_www_address":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/","nomisma_address":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/mk_berlin","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/owner\/13","owner_type":{"de":"Eigentum","en":"Property","ikmk_type_id":"2","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/status_of_property\/2"}},"ikmk_status_id":"7","status":{"de":"vorhanden","en":"present","ikmk_status_id":"7","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/object_status\/7"},"nominal":{"ikmk_nominal_id":"761","nominal_de":"Dirhem","nominal_en":"Dirham","nominal_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/dirham","nominal_gnd_id":"","info_de":"","info_en":"","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/denomination\/761"},"sponsor":{"de":"Die Digitalisierung wurde durch die Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek im Rahmen des von der Beauftragten der Bundesregierung f\u00fcr Kultur und Medien (BKM) gef\u00f6rderten Programms NEUSTART KULTUR erm\u00f6glicht.\r\nGef\u00f6rdert von der Beauftragten der Bundesregierung f\u00fcr Kultur und Medien aufgrund eines Beschlusses des Deutschen Bundestages.","en":"Digitalization was made possible with funds provided by the Beauftragte der Bundesregierung f\u00fcr Kultur und Medien (BKM) under the NEUSTART KULTUR scheme."},"date_last":"2023-03-14 01:49:51","coin_status":[{"ikmk_coin_status_id":"35","coin_status_name_de":"Kalifat","coin_status_name_en":"Caliphate","coin_status_nomisma_id":""}],"mint":[{"ikmk_country_id":"72","country_ndp_url":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/country\/72","country_name_de":"Tunesien","country_name_en":"Tunisia","country_nomisma_id":"","country_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/2464461","ikmk_region_id":"620","region_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/region\/620","region_name":"Ifr\u012bqiya?","region_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/ifriqiyah","region_geoname_id":"","ikmk_mint_id":"863","mint_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/location\/863","mint_name":"","mint_name_de":"","mint_name_en":null,"mint_nomisma_id":"","mint_geoname_id":""},{"ikmk_country_id":"74","country_ndp_url":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/country\/74","country_name_de":"Syrische Arabische Republik","country_name_en":"Syrian Arab Republic","country_nomisma_id":"","country_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/163843","ikmk_mint_id":"869","mint_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/location\/869","mint_name":"Damaskus (Dima\u0161q)?","mint_name_de":"Damaskus (Dima\u0161q)?","mint_name_en":"Damascus (Dimashq)?","mint_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/damascus","mint_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/170654"},{"ikmk_country_id":"71","country_ndp_url":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/country\/71","country_name_de":"Spanien","country_name_en":"Spain","country_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/spain","country_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/2510769","ikmk_region_id":"360","region_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/region\/360","region_name":"Andalucia","region_nomisma_id":"","region_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/2593109","ikmk_mint_id":"3365","mint_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/location\/3365","mint_name":"Cordoba (Qur\u1e6duba\/al-Andalus)?","mint_name_de":"Cordoba (Qur\u1e6duba\/al-Andalus)?","mint_name_en":"Cordoba (Qur\u1e6dubah\/al-Andalus)?","mint_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/cordoba","mint_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/2519240"}],"material":{"ikmk_material_id":"1","material_name_de":"Silber","material_name_en":"Silver","material_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/ar","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/material\/1"},"diameter":"10x12 mm","die_axis":"3 h","weight":"0.35 g","accession":"2021\/1","access_year":"1990","access_type":{"ikmk_access_type_id":"4","access_type_name":"\u00dcberweisung","access_type_nomisma_id":"","access_type_concept_id":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300417644","ndp_uir":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/accession\/4"},"findspot":{"ikmk_country_id":"19","country_ndp_id":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/country\/19","country_name_de":"Deutschland","country_name_en":"Germany","country_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/bundesrepublik_deutschland","country_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/2921044","ikmk_findspot_id":"3171","findspot_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/location\/3171","findspot_name":"Ralswiek","findspot_nomisma_id":"","findspot_geonames_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/2850735"},"provenienz_extern":"","acquisition_date":"28.12.1990","avers":{"leg_trans":"Im Namen Gottes, dieser Dirham wurde geschlagen in Damaskus (im) Jahr ... Es gibt keinen Gott au\u00dfer Gott, er ist einzig, er hat keinen Begleiter","leg_text":"[Bismill\u0101h \u1e0duri]ba h\u0101\u1e0f\u0101 ad-[dirham bi-Dima\u0161q sanat ...] -\/ [L\u0101 il\u0101h \u02beill\u0101 \/ All\u0101h wa\u1e25da]h\u016b \/ [l\u0101 \u0161ar\u012bk lah\u016b]","image_description":"Umlaufend Nennung von Nominal, M\u00fcnzst\u00e4tte und Pr\u00e4gejahr. Im Feld das Glaubensbekenntnis. Als Randzier 5x o auf drei Zackenkreisen.","foto_date":"2021-01-12","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"16","photographer_name":"Karsten Dahmen","photographer_gnd":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1018908900","photographer_viaf":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/5240736"},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18284150\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18284150\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt_rel":"\/data\/www\/001-ikmk\/mk-edit\/images\/n88\/88404\/vs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18284150\/vs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18284150\/vs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1643729659,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind lizenziert als&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen, 18284150. Aufnahme durch Karsten Dahmen.","en":"Image files are licensed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen, 18284150. Photographs by Karsten Dahmen."}},"revers":{"leg_trans":"Mu\u1e25ammad ist der Gesandte Gottes, er sandte ihn mit der Rechtleitung und der wahren Religion, damit er sie obsiegen l\u00e4sst \u00fcber alle Religion auch wenn es den Heiden (Polytheisten) zuwider ist (Koran 9:33) Er ist Gott, der Eine, Gott, der Best\u00e4ndige, er zeugte nicht und er wurde nicht gezeugt und keiner ist ihm ebenb\u00fcrtig (Koran 112:1-4)","leg_text":"[Mu\u1e25ammad ras\u016bl All\u0101h ar]salah\u016b bi-l-\u1e25ud[\u0101 wa d\u012bn al-\u1e25aqq li-yuzhirah\u016b \u02bfal\u0101 ad-d\u012bn kullih\u012b wa-lau kariha al-mu\u0161rik\u016bn] -\/ [All\u0101]h a\u1e25[ad All\u0101h \/ a\u1e63-\u1e63amad lam yalid wa-\/ lam y\u016blad wa-yakun \/ la-hu kuf\u016b a\u1e25ad]","image_description":"Umlaufend Koranzitat 9:33. Feld mit Koranzitat 112:1-4. Als Randzier 5x o auf Perlkreis. Feld von Perlkreis eingefasst.","foto_date":"2021-01-12","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"16","photographer_name":"Karsten Dahmen","photographer_gnd":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1018908900","photographer_viaf":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/5240736"},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18284150\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18284150\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt_rel":"\/data\/www\/001-ikmk\/mk-edit\/images\/n88\/88404\/rs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18284150\/rs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18284150\/rs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1643729659,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind lizenziert als&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen, 18284150. Aufnahme durch Karsten Dahmen.","en":"Image files are licensed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen, 18284150. Photographs by Karsten Dahmen."}},"division":{"ikmk_division_id":"2","division_name_de":"Mittelalter","division_name_en":"Medieval Period"},"sub_division":{"ikmk_subdivision_id":"17","subdivision_name_de":"Fr\u00fchmittelalter","subdivision_name_en":"Early Middle Ages"},"literatur":"J. Herrmann, Ralswiek auf R\u00fcgen Teil IV, Beitr\u00e4ge zur Ur- und Fr\u00fchgeschichte Mecklenburg-Vorpommerns 45 (2006) Nr. 284 (dieses St\u00fcck). Vgl. f\u00fcr Damaskus: M. Klat, Post-Reform Dirhams (2002) Nr. 340.1-376.a (verschiedene Pr\u00e4gejahre).","comment":"Fragment einer zerteilten M\u00fcnze, die auf der R\u00fcckseite Einhiebe aufweist. Die M\u00fcnze war ehemals gefaltet und ist verbogen. Die Jahreszahl und die M\u00fcnzst\u00e4tte sind abgeschnitten. Der Stil des Stempelschnitts legt die M\u00fcnzst\u00e4tte Damaskus nahe. M\u00f6glich w\u00e4ren etwa auch Ifr\u012bqiya oder al-Andalus. Anzunehmen ist ein Pr\u00e4gejahr zwischen den Jahren 97 und 132 AH.","period":{"ikmk_period_id":"11","name_de":"Fr\u00fchmittelalter","name_en":"Early Middle ages","description_de":"Bezeichnung f\u00fcr die Epoche von ungef\u00e4hr 500 bis ca. 900 (teilweise auch um 1000).","description_en":"Term to describe the period between c. 500 and c. 900 (in some regions to c. 1000).","concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/7503821-3","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/period\/11"},"year_start":"715","year_end":"750","date_verbal":"ca. 715-750","year_islam":"97","references":[{"ikmk_referenz_id":428,"souce":"Herrmann, Fund Ralswiek","number":"0284","similar":"0"}],"manufacturing":[{"ikmk_manufacturing_id":"21","manufacturing_name_de":"gepr\u00e4gt","manufacturing_name_en":"struck","nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/struck","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/manufacture\/21"}],"linked_persons_corporations":{"50":{"ikmk_type_id":"50","type_name_de":"Vorbesitzer","type_name_en":"previous Owner","type_nomisma_id":"","type_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4447273-0","ndp_id":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/type_for_person_and_corporation\/50","items":{"11725":{"ikmk_person_id":"11725","title_de":null,"first_name_de":null,"last_name_de":"Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR","vitalDates":null,"title_en":null,"first_name_en":null,"last_name_en":"Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR","corporation":"1","lod":{"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/40680-6":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/40680-6","https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Akademie_der_Wissenschaften_der_DDR":"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Akademie_der_Wissenschaften_der_DDR","https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/German_Academy_of_Sciences_at_Berlin":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/German_Academy_of_Sciences_at_Berlin","https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/150281852":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/150281852","https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q49738":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q49738","https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/corporation\/11725":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/corporation\/11725"},"year_from":"1973","year_until":"1990"}}},"139":{"ikmk_type_id":"139","type_name_de":"Oberherr (ISL)","type_name_en":"Overlord (ISL)","type_nomisma_id":"","type_concept_id":"","ndp_id":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/type_for_person_and_corporation\/139","items":{"8796":{"ikmk_person_id":"8796","title_de":null,"first_name_de":null,"last_name_de":"Sulaym\u0101n Ab\u016b Ayy\u016bb ibn \u02bfAbd al-Malik (96-99 AH\/715-717), Kalif","vitalDates":"-717","title_en":null,"first_name_en":null,"last_name_en":"Sulaym\u0101n Ab\u016b Ayy\u016bb ibn \u02bfAbd al-Malik (96-99 AH\/715-717), caliph","corporation":"0","lod":{"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/118826476":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/118826476","https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sulayman_ibn_Abd_al-Malik":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sulayman_ibn_Abd_al-Malik","https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/97021516":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/97021516","https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q284233":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q284233","https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/8796":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/8796"}},"1235":{"ikmk_person_id":"1235","title_de":null,"first_name_de":null,"last_name_de":"Ab\u016b \u1e24afs \u02bfUmar (II.) ibn \u02bfAbd al-\u02bfAz\u012bz (99-101 AH\/717-720), Kalif","vitalDates":"um 682-720","title_en":null,"first_name_en":null,"last_name_en":"Ab\u016b \u1e24afs \u02bfUmar (II) ibn \u02bfAbd al-\u02bfAz\u012bz (99-101 AH\/717-720), caliph","corporation":"0","lod":{"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/118589938":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/118589938","https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Umar_II":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Umar_II","https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/47554647":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/47554647","https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q298403":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q298403","https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/1235":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/1235"}},"1558":{"ikmk_person_id":"1558","title_de":null,"first_name_de":null,"last_name_de":"Ab\u016b \u1e2a\u0101lid Yaz\u012bd (II.) ibn \u02bfAbd al-Malik (101-105 AH\/720-724), Kalif","vitalDates":"687-724","title_en":null,"first_name_en":null,"last_name_en":"Ab\u016b \u1e2a\u0101lid Yaz\u012bd (II) ibn \u02bfAbd al-Malik (101-105 AH\/720-724), caliph","corporation":"0","lod":{"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yazid_II.":"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yazid_II.","https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yazid_II":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yazid_II","https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q314791":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q314791","https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/1558":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/1558"}},"829":{"ikmk_person_id":"829","title_de":null,"first_name_de":null,"last_name_de":"Ab\u016b l-Wal\u012bd Hi\u0161\u0101m ibn \u02bfAbd al-Malik (105-125 AH\/724-743), Kalif","vitalDates":"691-743","title_en":null,"first_name_en":null,"last_name_en":"Ab\u016b l-Wal\u012bd Hi\u0161\u0101m ibn \u02bfAbd al-Malik (105-125 AH\/724-743), caliph","corporation":"0","lod":{"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/118962558":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/118962558","https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hischam_(Umayyaden)":"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hischam_(Umayyaden)","https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hisham_ibn_Abd_al-Malik":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hisham_ibn_Abd_al-Malik","https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/3270603":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/3270603","https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q128332":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q128332","https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/829":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/829"}},"8797":{"ikmk_person_id":"8797","title_de":null,"first_name_de":null,"last_name_de":"Ab\u016b l-\u02bfAbb\u0101s al-Wal\u012bd (II.) ibn Yaz\u012bd (125-126 AH\/743-744), Kalif","vitalDates":"706-17.04.744","title_en":null,"first_name_en":null,"last_name_en":"Ab\u016b l-\u02bfAbb\u0101s al-Wal\u012bd (II) ibn Yaz\u012bd (125-126 AH\/743-744), caliph","corporation":"0","lod":{"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/118771078":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/118771078","https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Al-Walid_II.":"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Al-Walid_II.","https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Al-Walid_II":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Al-Walid_II","https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/90054540":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/90054540","https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q128307":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q128307","https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/8797":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/8797"}},"8798":{"ikmk_person_id":"8798","title_de":null,"first_name_de":null,"last_name_de":"Ab\u016b \u1e2a\u0101lid Yaz\u012bd (III.) ibn al-Wal\u012bd (126 AH\/744), Kalif","vitalDates":"701-25.09.744","title_en":null,"first_name_en":null,"last_name_en":"Ab\u016b \u1e2a\u0101lid Yaz\u012bd (III) ibn al-Wal\u012bd (126 AH\/744), caliph","corporation":"0","lod":{"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yazid_III.":"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yazid_III.","https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yazid_III":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yazid_III","https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q128413":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q128413","https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/8798":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/8798"}},"8799":{"ikmk_person_id":"8799","title_de":null,"first_name_de":null,"last_name_de":"Ibr\u0101h\u012bm ibn al-Wal\u012bd (I.) (126-127 AH\/744), Kalif","vitalDates":"-25.01.750","title_en":null,"first_name_en":null,"last_name_en":"Ibr\u0101h\u012bm ibn al-Wal\u012bd (I) (126-127AH\/744), caliph","corporation":"0","lod":{"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ibrahim_ibn_al-Walid":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ibrahim_ibn_al-Walid","https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q128416":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q128416","https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/8799":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/8799"}},"8800":{"ikmk_person_id":"8800","title_de":null,"first_name_de":null,"last_name_de":"Ab\u016b \u02bfAbd al-Malik Marw\u0101n (II.) ibn Mu\u1e25ammad (127-132 AH\/744-750), Kalif","vitalDates":"688-06.08.750","title_en":null,"first_name_en":null,"last_name_en":"Ab\u016b \u02bfAbd al-Malik Marw\u0101n (II) ibn Mu\u1e25ammad (127-132 AH\/744-750), caliph","corporation":"0","lod":{"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/123991390":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/123991390","https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marwan_II.":"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marwan_II.","https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marwan_II":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marwan_II","https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/69849599":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/69849599","https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q128371":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q128371","https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/8800":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/8800"}}}}},"keywords":[{"ikmk_keyword_id":"8","keyword_de":"Fr\u00fchmittelalter, 5.-9. Jh.","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/7503821-3","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300020760"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"60","keyword_de":"Gegenstempel, Erasionen u.a.","keyword_gnd_uri":"","keyword_concept_uri":""},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"2","keyword_de":"Mittelalter","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4129108-6","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300020756"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"69","keyword_de":"Silber","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4133759-1","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/www.nomisma.org\/id\/ar"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"26","keyword_de":"Vorderer Orient","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4068878-1","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300019571"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"34","keyword_de":"Weltliche F\u00fcrsten","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4166473-5","keyword_concept_uri":""}],"timeline_themes":[{"ikmk_timeline_id":"26","timeline_item":"Die neue Weltmacht - Das arabische Kalifat","description":"Die Araber hatten zur Zeit Mohammeds noch keine eigene M\u00fcnzpr\u00e4gung. Im Zuge ihrer raschen Eroberung der von Byzanz bzw. den Sasaniden beherrschten Gebiete, wurden sie vor das Problem gestellt, die M\u00fcnzproduktion in einem an Geldwirtschaft gew\u00f6hnten Gebiet zu organisieren. Die ersten neu ausgegebenen M\u00fcnzen entsprachen in Material und Bild den byzantinischen und sasanidischen M\u00fcnzen und wurden nur etwas \u201earabisiert\u201c. Auf den sasanidischen Drachmen geschah dies durch Einschreiben zus\u00e4tzlicher arabischer Inschriften, im Bereich des byzantinischen Geldes wurden teils die byzantinischen Typen nachgeahmt, teils etwas freier interpretiert bis hin zur Darstellung des Kalifen. Zwischen 693 und 698 wurde unter dem Kalifen Abd-al Malik das M\u00fcnzwesen v\u00f6llig neu organisiert. An die Stelle des Solidus trat der Dinar, an die Stelle der sasanidischen Drachme trat der Dirham und in geringem Umfang Kupferm\u00fcnzen als lokale Zahlungsmittel. Alle M\u00fcnzen, bis auf geringe Ausnahmen im Kupfergeld, sind von erstaunlicher Uniformit\u00e4t, bildlos und rein epigraphisch. Die Inschriften enthalten in genau festgelegter Abfolge und Anordnung Koranspr\u00fcche sowie Angaben zur Herkunft der M\u00fcnze, darunter den Ort der Pr\u00e4gung sowie eine pr\u00e4zise Datierung nach der islamischen Zeitrechnung (A. H., Higra).","year_from":"600","year_until":"900","autor":"Kluge, Bernd"}],"secondary_treatment":[{"ikmk_secondary_treatment_id":"12","item_de":"Einhieb","item_en":"Chop mark","description_de":"Einhieb mit einem Objekt undefinierter Form, meist in Form einer groben Scharte, u. a. zu Pr\u00fcfzwecken an M\u00fcnzen angebracht. Auch nachtr\u00e4gliche Verletzungen, z. B. durch Pickelhieb beim Bergen\/Auffinden des Objekts.","description_en":"A mark of undefined form made normally with a chisel-like tool, for example to test the purity of the core of a coin. It can also be the result of damage caused when the object was found.","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/secondary_treatment\/12","concept":["http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/chop_mark"]},{"ikmk_secondary_treatment_id":"17","item_de":"verbogen","item_en":"bent","description_de":"Die M\u00fcnze, Medaille oder Marke ist verbogen.","description_en":"A coin, medal or token that has been bent.","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/secondary_treatment\/17","concept":["http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/bent","http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300053101"]},{"ikmk_secondary_treatment_id":"31","item_de":"zerteilt","item_en":"cut","description_de":"Absichtsvolle Teilung (andere Teilung als halbiert oder geviertelt).","description_en":"Intentional division into smaller parts by cutting, other than halved or quartered.","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/secondary_treatment\/31","concept":["http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/cut"]}],"text_right":{"short":"CC BY-SA 4.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/l\/by-sa\/4.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Creative Commons Namensnennung - Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0 International","en":"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International"},"string":{"de":"Texte und Beschreibungen in diesem Online-Katalog stehen unter einer\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a> Lizenz.","en":"Texts and descriptions of this catalogue are licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>."}},"lod_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"},"string":{"de":"Verwendete LOD-Identifikatoren sind <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>\u00a0lizenziert.","en":"LOD ids used are licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>."}},"image_restriction_id":0,"image_restriction":"free","image_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"}}}