{"ikmk_mds_id":"18296405","ikmk_id":"100831","eLearning_completed":"0","primary_source_id":"0","title":"Stra\u00dfburg: Stadt\/Russland: Alexej Michailowitsch","inventory_number":"","activated":"yes","item":{"ikmk_item_id":"1","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/item\/1","item_de":"M\u00fcnze","item_en":"Coin","item_nomisma":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/coin"},"permalink":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/object?id=18296405","permalink_source":"","publisher":{"ikmk_publisher_id":13,"ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/owner\/13","publisher_name":"M\u00fcnzkabinett, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin - Stiftung Preu\u00dfischer Kulturbesitz","publisher_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-814819","publisher_isil_short":"DE-MUS-814819","UID":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-814819\/18296405","legalBodyWeblink":"https:\/\/www.smb.museum\/museen-und-einrichtungen\/muenzkabinett\/home.html","nomisma_address":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/mk_berlin","author":"Stoess, Christian"},"owner":{"ikmk_owner_id":"13","owner_name":"Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen","owner_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-814819","owner_isil_short":"DE-MUS-814819","owner_www_address":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/","nomisma_address":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/mk_berlin","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/owner\/13","owner_type":{"de":"Eigentum","en":"Property","ikmk_type_id":"2","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/status_of_property\/2"}},"ikmk_status_id":"7","status":{"de":"vorhanden","en":"present","ikmk_status_id":"7","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/object_status\/7"},"nominal":{"ikmk_nominal_id":"1147","nominal_de":"Taler (Jefimok)","nominal_en":"Taler (Jefimok)","nominal_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/taler_(jefimok)","nominal_gnd_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4209047-7","info_de":"Russische Bezeichnung f\u00fcr europ\u00e4ische Talerm\u00fcnzen. Diese wurde h\u00e4ufig in Ru\u00dfland gegengestempelt und damit als g\u00fcltige W\u00e4hrung akzeptiert oder auch zur Herstellung russischer M\u00fcnzen \u00fcberpr\u00e4gt.","info_en":"Russian term for European Taler coins, which frequently were countermarked in Russia and thus accepted as legal tender. Talers were also used as flans to strike Russian coins.","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/denomination\/1147"},"patronage":"Martin Ulonska","date_last":"2023-03-14 01:49:51","coin_status":[{"ikmk_coin_status_id":"34","coin_status_name_de":"Kaisertum (MA\/NZ)","coin_status_name_en":"Imperial issue (medieval\/modern)","coin_status_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/empire","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/class_status\/34"},{"ikmk_coin_status_id":"54","coin_status_name_de":"Stadt","coin_status_name_en":"City","coin_status_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/city","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/class_status\/54"}],"mint":[{"ikmk_country_id":"11","country_ndp_url":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/country\/11","country_name_de":"Frankreich","country_name_en":"France","country_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/french_republic","country_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/3017382","ikmk_region_id":"136","region_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/region\/136","region_name":"Elsass (Bas-Rhin)","region_nomisma_id":"","region_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/3034720","ikmk_mint_id":"399","mint_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/location\/399","mint_name":"Stra\u00dfburg (Strasbourg)","mint_name_de":"Stra\u00dfburg (Strasbourg)","mint_name_en":"Strasbourg","mint_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/strasbourg","mint_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/2973783"}],"material":{"ikmk_material_id":"1","material_name_de":"Silber","material_name_en":"Silver","material_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/ar","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/material\/1"},"diameter":"43 mm","die_axis":"12 h","weight":"29.36 g","accession":"Ohne Nummer","access_year":"","access_type":{"ikmk_access_type_id":"6","access_type_name":"Zugang ungekl\u00e4rt","access_type_nomisma_id":"","access_type_concept_id":"","ndp_uir":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/accession\/6"},"provenienz_extern":"Seit mindestens 1868 im Bestand des M\u00fcnzkabinetts.","acquisition_date":"","avers":{"leg_trans":"","leg_text":"NVMMVS REIP ARGENTORATENSIS","image_description":"Der von zwei L\u00f6wen gehaltene Stadtschild unter einer Lilie. Am Beginn der Umschrift das M\u00fcnzmeisterzeichen vier Zainhaken (Johann Casimir Hermann). Im l. F. und mittig zwei russische Gegenstempel: rechteckig der Zar zu Pferde und rund mit der Jahreszahl 1655.","foto_date":"2022-10-18","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"13","photographer_name":"Christian Stoess","photographer_gnd":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1103482017","photographer_viaf":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/168146634409041931880"},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18296405\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18296405\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt_rel":"\/data\/www\/001-ikmk\/mk-edit\/images\/n100\/100831\/vs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18296405\/vs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18296405\/vs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1666087526,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind lizenziert als&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen, 18296405. Aufnahme durch Christian Stoess.","en":"Image files are licensed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen, 18296405. Photographs by Christian Stoess."}},"revers":{"leg_trans":"","leg_text":"+ SOLIVS VIRTVTI FLOS PERPETVVS","image_description":"Lilie.","foto_date":"2022-10-18","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"13","photographer_name":"Christian Stoess","photographer_gnd":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1103482017","photographer_viaf":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/168146634409041931880"},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18296405\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18296405\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt_rel":"\/data\/www\/001-ikmk\/mk-edit\/images\/n100\/100831\/rs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18296405\/rs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18296405\/rs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1666087526,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind lizenziert als&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen, 18296405. Aufnahme durch Christian Stoess.","en":"Image files are licensed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen, 18296405. Photographs by Christian Stoess."}},"division":{"ikmk_division_id":"3","division_name_de":"Neuzeit","division_name_en":"Modern Period"},"sub_division":{"ikmk_subdivision_id":"23","subdivision_name_de":"17. Jh.","subdivision_name_en":"17th century"},"literatur":"A. Engel - E. Lehr, Numismatique de l'Alsace (1887) 195 Nr. 439 (ohne Gegenstempel). - Zur russischen Gegenstempelung: I. G. Spasski, Russian Yefimoks. Essay and catalogue (1988) Nr. 1307 Taf. 85 Abb. 1307 (dieses St\u00fcck).","comment":"Dieser undatierte Taler wurde in Stra\u00dfburg zwischen 1640 und 1656 ausgegeben. - Jefimok (Plural Jefimki) ist die russische Bezeichnung f\u00fcr Taler (Jefim, russ. f\u00fcr Joachim; Jefimok = Joachimstaler). Der Handel mit diesen Talern war ein russisches Staatsmonopol. Aus dem f\u00fcr eigene M\u00fcnzpr\u00e4gungen angesammelten Staatsschatz wurden im Jahre 1655 europ\u00e4ische Talerm\u00fcnzen mit einem Kopekenstempel (Zar zu Pferde) und einem l\u00e4nglichen Stempel mit der Jahreszahl \u201e1655\u201c \u00fcberstempelt und galten jeweils 64 Kopeken. 1659 wurden die Jefimki offiziell verboten, blieben aber vor allem in der Ukraine noch l\u00e4nger im Umlauf. Weniger als 2.000 der urspr\u00fcnglich etwa 800.000 Jefimki haben sich heute erhalten, darunter nach Spasskij (1988) zw\u00f6lf Taler der Stadt Stra\u00dfburg.","period":{"ikmk_period_id":"13","name_de":"Barock","name_en":"Baroque","description_de":"Kunst bzw- Stilperiode, welche mit regional unterschiedlichen Entwicklungen die Zeit vom Ende des 16. Jahrhunderts ist ca. 1730 umfasst. Teilweise wird der Rokoko (bis ca. 1770) ihr auch zugerechnet.","description_en":"Art period with a regionally varying developement in chronological terms roughly from the end of the 16th century to c. 1730. Sometimes the following period Rococo (to c. 1770) is considered a late form of Baroque.","concept_id":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300021147","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/period\/13"},"year_start":"1640","year_end":"1655","date_verbal":"1640-1655","year_islam":"0","manufacturing":[{"ikmk_manufacturing_id":"21","manufacturing_name_de":"gepr\u00e4gt","manufacturing_name_en":"struck","nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/struck","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/manufacture\/21"}],"linked_persons_corporations":{"54":{"ikmk_type_id":"54","type_name_de":"Dargestellte\/r","type_name_en":"Sitter","type_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/portrait","type_concept_id":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300189844","ndp_id":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/type_for_person_and_corporation\/54","items":{"283":{"ikmk_person_id":"283","title_de":null,"first_name_de":null,"last_name_de":"Alexej Michailowitsch (1645-1676), Zar von Russland","vitalDates":"19.03.1629 - 29.01.1676","title_en":null,"first_name_en":null,"last_name_en":"Alexei Mikhailovich (1645-1676), emperor of Russia","corporation":"0","lod":{"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/118501909":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/118501909","https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexei_I._(Russland)":"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexei_I._(Russland)","https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexis_of_Russia":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexis_of_Russia","https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/62339723":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/62339723","https:\/\/www.britishmuseum.org\/collection\/term\/BIOG211322":"https:\/\/www.britishmuseum.org\/collection\/term\/BIOG211322","https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q7731":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q7731","https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/283":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/283"}}}},"55":{"ikmk_type_id":"55","type_name_de":"M\u00fcnzmeister (MM Nz)","type_name_en":"Mintmaster (MM Mod)","type_nomisma_id":"","type_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4170686-9","ndp_id":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/type_for_person_and_corporation\/55","items":{"13717":{"ikmk_person_id":"13717","title_de":null,"first_name_de":"Johann Casimir","last_name_de":"Hermann","vitalDates":"1608-1673","title_en":null,"first_name_en":"Johann Casimir","last_name_en":"Hermann","corporation":"0","lod":{"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1012272370":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1012272370","https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/171035748":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/171035748","https:\/\/www.mmlo.de\/12428":"https:\/\/www.mmlo.de\/12428","https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/13717":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/13717"}}}},"57":{"ikmk_type_id":"57","type_name_de":"Autorit\u00e4t","type_name_en":"Authority","type_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/authority","type_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1051614252","ndp_id":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/type_for_person_and_corporation\/57","items":{"283":{"ikmk_person_id":"283","title_de":null,"first_name_de":null,"last_name_de":"Alexej Michailowitsch (1645-1676), Zar von Russland","vitalDates":"19.03.1629 - 29.01.1676","title_en":null,"first_name_en":null,"last_name_en":"Alexei Mikhailovich (1645-1676), emperor of Russia","corporation":"0","lod":{"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/118501909":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/118501909","https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexei_I._(Russland)":"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexei_I._(Russland)","https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexis_of_Russia":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexis_of_Russia","https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/62339723":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/62339723","https:\/\/www.britishmuseum.org\/collection\/term\/BIOG211322":"https:\/\/www.britishmuseum.org\/collection\/term\/BIOG211322","https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q7731":"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q7731","https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/283":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/283"}}}}},"keywords":[{"ikmk_keyword_id":"12","keyword_de":"17. Jh.","keyword_gnd_uri":"","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300404511"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"60","keyword_de":"Gegenstempel, Erasionen u.a.","keyword_gnd_uri":"","keyword_concept_uri":""},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"80","keyword_de":"Heraldik und Wappen","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4072428-1","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300077808"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"32","keyword_de":"Kaiser (MA&NZ)","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4114123-4","keyword_concept_uri":""},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"67","keyword_de":"M\u00fcnzmeister\/-beamte","keyword_gnd_uri":"","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300205361"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"3","keyword_de":"Neuzeit","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4171678-4","keyword_concept_uri":""},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"20","keyword_de":"Osteuropa","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4075739-0","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/tgn\/4003756"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"69","keyword_de":"Silber","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4133759-1","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/www.nomisma.org\/id\/ar"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"38","keyword_de":"St\u00e4dte","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4056723-0","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/city"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"19","keyword_de":"Westeuropa (ohne D)","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4079215-8","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/tgn\/4003761"}],"timeline_themes":[{"ikmk_timeline_id":"58","timeline_item":"Europa. Silberm\u00fcnzen 17. und 18. Jh.","description":"Die spanischen Silberimporte hatten gegen Ende des 16. Jh. den h\u00f6chsten Stand erreicht. Sie gingen danach bei gleichzeitiger Stagnation der europ\u00e4ischen Vorkommen zur\u00fcck. Der Silberbedarf f\u00fchrte zu Beginn des Drei\u00dfigj\u00e4hrigen Krieges zur Verschlechterung des inneren Wertes der M\u00fcnzen und damit zur bisher gr\u00f6\u00dften Inflation der sog. Kipper-und Wipperzeit 1619-1622. Die Verschiebung der politischen und wirtschaftlichen Kr\u00e4fte Europas dr\u00fcckte sich in der stabilen englischen Crown aus. Die Silberkrone kann mit den Talern des Festlandes verglichen werden. In Frankreich dominierte seit Ludwig XIV. der Ecu. Im Osten Europas setzte der seit 1704 unter Peter I. emittierte Rubel durch das Dezimalsystem (Rubel zu 100 Kopeken) gegen\u00fcber dem \u00fcblichen Duodezimalsystem (Taler zu 24 Groschen \u00e0 12 Pfennige) f\u00fcr die Zukunft Ma\u00dfst\u00e4be.","year_from":"1601","year_until":"1800","autor":"Steguweit, Wolfgang"}],"secondary_treatment":[{"ikmk_secondary_treatment_id":"4","item_de":"mit Gegenstempel","item_en":"countermarked","description_de":"Mit einem oder mehreren Gegenstempeln versehen. Diese sind u. a. zum Zweck der Auf- oder Abwertung und zur Anerkennung des Wertes angebracht, k\u00f6nnen auf den Ausgeber hinweisen oder in historischen Sammlungen den Besitzer eines Objektes.","description_en":"The impression left by a countermark punch. A tool that is used to punch into a coin subsequent to the original striking an additional mark or symbol that had meaning in the contemporary context of the coin - for example to mark a specific payment or to revalue a coin). Objects from early modern collections sometimes bear countermarks as a sign of ownership.","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/secondary_treatment\/4","concept":["http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/countermark"]}],"text_right":{"short":"CC BY-SA 4.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/l\/by-sa\/4.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Creative Commons Namensnennung - Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0 International","en":"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International"},"string":{"de":"Texte und Beschreibungen in diesem Online-Katalog stehen unter einer\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a> Lizenz.","en":"Texts and descriptions of this catalogue are licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>."}},"lod_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"},"string":{"de":"Verwendete LOD-Identifikatoren sind <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>\u00a0lizenziert.","en":"LOD ids used are licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>."}},"image_restriction_id":0,"image_restriction":"free","image_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"}}}