{"ikmk_mds_id":"18202904","ikmk_id":"2970","eLearning_completed":"0","primary_source_id":"0","title":"Karolinger: Karl der Gro\u00dfe","inventory_number":"","activated":"yes","item":{"ikmk_item_id":"17","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/sachbegriff\/17","item_de":"M\u00fcnzschmuck","item_en":"Coin Jewellery"},"permalink":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/object?id=18202904","permalink_source":null,"publisher":{"ikmk_publisher_id":13,"ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/besitzer\/13","publisher_name":"M\u00fcnzkabinett, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin - Stiftung Preu\u00dfischer Kulturbesitz","publisher_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-814819","publisher_isil_short":"DE-MUS-814819","UID":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-814819\/18202904","legalBodyWeblink":"https:\/\/www.smb.museum\/museen-und-einrichtungen\/muenzkabinett\/home.html","author":"Kluge, Bernd"},"owner":{"ikmk_owner_id":"13","owner_name":"Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen","owner_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-814819","owner_isil_short":"DE-MUS-814819","owner_www_address":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/","nomisma_address":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/mk_berlin","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/besitzer\/13","owner_type":{"de":"Eigentum","en":"Property","ikmk_type_id":"2","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/possession_kind\/2"}},"ikmk_status_id":"7","status":{"de":"vorhanden","en":"present","ikmk_status_id":"7","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/object_status\/7"},"date_last":"2023-03-14 01:49:51","coin_status":[{"ikmk_coin_status_id":"34","coin_status_name_de":"Kaisertum (MA\/NZ)","coin_status_name_en":"Imperial issue (medieval\/modern)","coin_status_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/empire","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/muenzstand\/34"}],"mint":[{"ikmk_country_id":"54","country_ndp_url":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/land\/54","country_name_de":"Niederlande","country_name_en":"Netherlands","country_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/kingdom_of_the_netherlands","country_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/2750405","ikmk_region_id":"313","region_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/region\/313","region_name":"Utrecht","region_nomisma_id":"","region_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/2745909","ikmk_mint_id":"739","mint_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/ort\/739","mint_name":"Dorestad (Wijk bij Duurstede)","mint_name_de":"Dorestad (Wijk bij Duurstede)","mint_name_en":null,"mint_nomisma_id":"","mint_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/2744483"}],"material":{"ikmk_material_id":"3","material_name_de":"Gold","material_name_en":"Gold","material_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/av","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/material\/3"},"diameter":"21 mm","die_axis":"12 h","weight":"4.11 g","accession":"1842 R\u00fchle von Lilienstern","access_year":"1842","access_type":{"ikmk_access_type_id":"1","access_type_name":"Kauf","access_type_nomisma_id":"","access_type_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4128692-3","ndp_uir":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/zugangsart\/1"},"provenienz_extern":"","acquisition_date":"","avers":{"leg_trans":"Pseudolegende","leg_text":"","image_description":"Brustbild Karl des Gro\u00dfen nach links.","foto_date":"2006-06-29","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"4","photographer_name":"Lutz-J\u00fcrgen L\u00fcbke (L\u00fcbke und Wiedemann)","photographer_gnd":"","photographer_viaf":""},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18202904\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18202904\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt_rel":"images\/n2\/2970\/vs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18202904\/vs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/image\/18202904\/vs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1643737748,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind lizenziert als Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. 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Unter ihm und seinen Nachfolgern wurden die die Reste der r\u00f6mischen Herrschaft in Gallien beseitigt und durch Eroberung der Reiche der gallischen Westgoten (509) und der Burgunder (534) ein fr\u00e4nkisches Reich geschaffen. 751 l\u00f6sten die Karolinger die Merowinger als herrschende Dynastie ab. Unter Karl dem Gro\u00dfen (768-814) erreichte das Frankenreich seine gr\u00f6\u00dfte Ausdehnung. Es umfasste das ganze damalige christliche Europa und zog sich von der Nordsee bis nach Rom, von der Atlantikk\u00fcste bis an die Elbe. Im Jahre 800 wurde Karl der Gro\u00dfe in Rom zum Kaiser gekr\u00f6nt und damit das seit 476 in Europa erloschene r\u00f6mische Kaisertum wiederbegr\u00fcndet. Ab 843 l\u00f6ste sich das karolingische Gro\u00dfreich in verschiedene Teilreiche auf, aus denen im Laufe des Mittelalters Frankreich, Deutschland, Italien, die Niederlande und die Schweiz entstanden. Im Frankenreich ist das auf dem silbernen Pfennig (Denar) als einzigem M\u00fcnzwert beruhende M\u00fcnzsystem des europ\u00e4ischen Fr\u00fch- und Hochmittelalters entwickelt und durch die M\u00fcnzreformen Karls des Gro\u00dfen auf eine \u00fcber vierhundert Jahre g\u00fcltige Grundlage gestellt worden.","year_from":"482","year_until":"843","autor":"Kluge, Bernd"},{"ikmk_timeline_id":"19","timeline_item":"Karl der Gro\u00dfe","description":"Das M\u00fcnzwesen des Frankenreiches wurde durch Pippin den Kurzen (751-768) und Karl den Gro\u00dfen (768-814) grundlegend reformiert. Der Goldsolidus wurde durch einen Silbersolidus zu 12 Denaren ersetzt und war lediglich eine Rechnungsm\u00fcnze. Realiter gepr\u00e4gt wurden allein silberne Denare (Pfennige), seit 793\/94 240 St\u00fcck aus dem Pfund Silber. Diese Denare wurden unter Karl dem Gro\u00dfen reichsweit im Bild einheitlich ausgegeben und in etwa 40 M\u00fcnzst\u00e4tten gepr\u00e4gt. Eine Besonderheit stellen sehr seltene Denare mit dem Bildnis Karls dar, die zur Kaiserkr\u00f6nung Karls im Jahre 800 aufgelegt worden und wohl auch noch sp\u00e4terhin als Auszeichnungsm\u00fcnzen ausgegeben worden sind. Sie sind die einzigen zeitgen\u00f6ssischen Bildzeugnisse des ersten Kaisers des christlichen Europa. Auf dem Geld des normalen Zahlungsverkehrs wurde bis zum Tode Karls des Gro\u00dfen der Titel des Rex Francorum beibehalten.","year_from":"768","year_until":"814","autor":"Kluge, Bernd"}],"text_right":{"short":"CC BY-SA 4.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/l\/by-sa\/4.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Creative Commons Namensnennung - Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0 International","en":"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International"},"string":{"de":"Texte und Beschreibungen in diesem Online-Katalog stehen unter einer\u00a0CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a> Lizenz.","en":"Texts and descriptions of this catalogue are licensed CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>."}},"lod_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"},"string":{"de":"Verwendete LOD-Identifikatoren sind Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>\u00a0lizenziert.","en":"LOD ids used are licensed Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>."}},"image_restriction_id":0,"image_restriction":"free","image_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"}}}