{"ikmk_mds_id":"18208360","ikmk_id":"8529","eLearning_completed":"0","primary_source_id":"0","title":"Augustus","inventory_number":"","activated":"yes","item":{"ikmk_item_id":"1","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/sachbegriff\/1","item_de":"M\u00fcnze","item_en":"Coin","item_nomisma":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/coin"},"permalink":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/object?id=18208360","permalink_source":null,"publisher":{"ikmk_publisher_id":13,"ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/besitzer\/13","publisher_name":"M\u00fcnzkabinett, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin - Stiftung Preu\u00dfischer Kulturbesitz","publisher_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-814819","publisher_isil_short":"DE-MUS-814819","UID":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-814819\/18208360","legalBodyWeblink":"https:\/\/www.smb.museum\/museen-und-einrichtungen\/muenzkabinett\/home.html","author":"Dei\u00dfmann, Marielouise; Bensmann, Alexa"},"owner":{"ikmk_owner_id":"13","owner_name":"Berlin, M\u00fcnzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen","owner_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-814819","owner_isil_short":"DE-MUS-814819","owner_www_address":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/","nomisma_address":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/mk_berlin","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/besitzer\/13","owner_type":{"de":"Eigentum","en":"Property","ikmk_type_id":"2","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/possession_kind\/2"}},"ikmk_status_id":"7","status":{"de":"vorhanden","en":"present","ikmk_status_id":"7","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/object_status\/7"},"nominal":{"ikmk_nominal_id":"666","nominal_de":"As","nominal_en":"As","nominal_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/as","nominal_gnd_id":"","info_de":"Der As; Asses (Mehrzahl). Eigentlich \u201eEiner\u201c bzw. \u201eEinheit\u201c. Bezeichnet im Gewichtssystem des Geldes der r\u00f6mischen Republik das in zw\u00f6lf Unzen (unciae) unterteilte Pfund (libra), mit wechselnden sinkenden Standards (vom obengenannten libralen zum semilibralen, sextanalen und schlie\u00dflich unzialen). Zun\u00e4chst gegossen als Teil des Aes grave, seit dem Ende des 3. Jhs. v. Chr. gepr\u00e4gt. Auch die entsprechende Einheit unteritalischen Schwergeldes wurde als As bezeichnet. Mit der Einf\u00fchrung des Denares (s. dort) kamen erst zehn, dann 16 Asses auf einen solchen. Augustus lie\u00df den As ebenfalls als Kupferm\u00fcnze weiterpr\u00e4gen, lediglich Nero gab ihn kurzfristig in Messing aus. Im Verlauf des 3. Jhs. n. Chr. werden Asses immer seltener gepr\u00e4gt und erscheinen zuletzt unter Aurelianus (reg. 270-275 n. Chr.).","info_en":"","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/nominal\/666"},"date_last":"2024-01-09 15:11:44","coin_status":[{"ikmk_coin_status_id":"29","coin_status_name_de":"Antike Herrscherpr\u00e4gung","coin_status_name_en":"Ancient Ruler's issue","coin_status_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/ruler","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/muenzstand\/29"}],"mint":[{"ikmk_country_id":"25","country_ndp_url":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/land\/25","country_name_de":"Italien","country_name_en":"Italy","country_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/italian_republic","country_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/3175395","ikmk_region_id":"263","region_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/region\/263","region_name":"Italia","region_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/italy","region_geoname_id":"","ikmk_mint_id":"678","mint_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/ort\/678","mint_name":"Rom","mint_name_de":"Rom","mint_name_en":"Rome","mint_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/rome","mint_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/3169070"}],"material":{"ikmk_material_id":"2","material_name_de":"Bronze","material_name_en":"Bronze","material_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/ae","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/material\/2"},"diameter":"27 mm","die_axis":"1 h","weight":"10.07 g","accession":"1861 Friedl\u00e4nder","access_year":"1861","access_type":{"ikmk_access_type_id":"1","access_type_name":"Kauf","access_type_nomisma_id":"","access_type_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4128692-3","ndp_uir":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/zugangsart\/1"},"provenienz_extern":"","acquisition_date":"06.04.1861","avers":{"leg_trans":"","leg_text":"[CAESAR AVGVST] PONT MAX TRIB[VNIC POT]","image_description":"Kopf des Augustus nach r. 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Jh. v. Chr.-3. Jh.","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/7512142-6","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300020541"}],"timeline_themes":[{"ikmk_timeline_id":"14","timeline_item":"Augustus","description":"Als Gaius Iulius Caesar, der Octavianus genannte Adoptivsohn Caesars, 31 bzw. 30 v. Chr. erst bei Actium und anschlie\u00dfend in Alexandria aus den B\u00fcrgerkriegen der sp\u00e4ten Republik als Sieger hervorging und die alleinige Macht im R\u00f6mischen Reich errungen hatte, ordnete er das r\u00f6mische M\u00fcnzwesen neu. Goldm\u00fcnzen, zuvor nur in Krisensituationen verwendet, wurden zum festen Bestandteil der nunmehr trimetallischen W\u00e4hrung (Gold, Silber, Bronze). Das neue Herrschaftssystem erforderte neue Bilder, mit denen sich der Herrscher pr\u00e4sentierte. Einen weiteren Einschnitt bildete die Ernennung des Prinzeps zum \u201aAugustus\u2019, was \u201eder Erhabene\u201c bedeutet. Bis zu seinem Tod im Jahre 14 n. Chr. blieben ihm 41 Jahre, um das neue Herrschaftssystem zu etablieren. Gerade zu Beginn des neuen Herrschaftssystems, des Prinzipates, findet sich noch eine Vielzahl von ikonographischen Versuchen, die reizvolle und zum Teil schwer zu interpretierende Zeugnisse einer \u00dcbergangszeit sind.","year_from":"-30","year_until":"14","autor":"Weisser, Bernhard"}],"secondary_treatment":[{"ikmk_secondary_treatment_id":"4","item_de":"mit Gegenstempel","item_en":"countermarked","description_de":"Mit einem oder mehreren Gegenstempeln versehen. Diese sind u. a. zum Zweck der Auf- oder Abwertung und zur Anerkennung des Wertes angebracht, k\u00f6nnen auf den Ausgeber hinweisen oder in historischen Sammlungen den Besitzer eines Objektes.","description_en":"The impression left by a countermark punch. 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